Valley Canoe Products have located a source of indestructible deck elastics and hope to offer them in 6 and 8mm sizes.
At Crystal Palace they also showed their Silva compass for mounting on a hatch cover and Attwood WaterBuster electric pump for sea kayaks. Blowing in the wind
Reed Canoes & Camping of Cambridge have been amongst the retailers having a difficult time of late.
After months of teetering on the brink, David Reed has filed for protection from his creditors.
He has taken steps to help resolve the financial difficulties and hopes to return to a normal trading position in due course. Waterways are no longer responding to enquiries.
Lindsay Moore appeared to make something of a recovery with his Poole shop last summer but was again overtaken by the financial climate.
The saddest story relates to Canoe Store of Emsworth who were struggling like many others.
Carole Martin and their assistant have been killed in a car crash and this has been the final straw for owner Trevor Martin and to whom we offer our condolences.
This aluminium sea kayak trolley and to be imported by North Shore, attracted a lot of interest at Crystal Palace.
Its designer shows how it can be fitted through a small kayak hatch in its assembled state.
The arms can be twisted and lifted out and the ends having hexagonal holes for use as spanners for the stand lock nut.
The McNulty Solar Panel at £165, mounted on a large hatch cover, charges up to a 50Ah 12V battery with peak output of 5W at 340mA.
Uses include electric pump, VHS radio transmitter, personal stereo, navigational light or tent light.
Arrowcraft have canoe and Kayak figures made from nails and coated in 24 carat gold, ideal trophies at about £10.
Foam seats in three sizes to fit all racing kayaks will cost about £35 from Arrowcraft. Newing rejoins Taylor
Paul Newing, who formerly worked for John Taylor of Wavesports before the firm went under, has now left Olympus Outdoor World and is working for John’s Peak Trading company in Czechoslovakia.
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Reviewing these discs was an unusually rewarding and enjoyable experience.
Paul Tortelier was a great cellist and it is good to hear his 1960 recordings of the six solo Bach Suites .
These are intense, dramatic readings which lack nothing in conviction and though I imagine some listeners will prefer a less overtly “expressive” approach to the music.
The prelude of Suite No. 3 is a characteristic example, full of dynamic contrasts and bold gestures which work well in their own terms but will not be to everyone’s liking. There are very occasional technical lapses but nothing distressing. The sound is perfectly acceptable throughout.()
Carlo Maria Giulini’s Beethoven is a taste I have never really acquired, but a package which accommodates both the Missa Solemnis and the Mass in C on two discs is clearly worth investigating.
Unfortunately in Giulini’s hands, Beethoven’s heavenly vision has more of the quality of a “Missa Somnambulis”: the Italian conductor smooths every rough edge and rounds every corner and seems as a consequence to sap the life from the work.
The soloists are good and the chorus sing powerfully but the interpretation is ultimately soggy and dull.
the Mass in C is a more successful performance, much less soporific and though again I am occasionally bothered by what sounds like rather a rudderless account.
Despite the intelligent coupling and this set cannot be recommended except to those who respond more positively than I do to Giulini’s rather limp direction ()
Gabriel Fauré’s chamber music constitutes one of the glories of French music, and virtually every note of it appears on two “Rouge et Noire” sets in superb performances by Jean-Hilippe Collard, in company with artists such as Augustin Dumay, Frédéric Lodéon, and the Parrenin Quartet.
So often Collard and his colleagues achieve the elusive blend of intensity and elegance which all really great performances of Fauré’s music possess.
A good example is the first movement of the D minor Cello Sonata (Vol. 1, Disc 2 and track 4), which has seldom been better done, except perhaps by Tortelier and Jean Hubeau on an old Erato disc which surfaced in the UK on a World Record Club LP about 25 years ago, as well as in Erato’s fine box of Fauré chamber music.
I hope this set may yet surface on CD and though it has to be admitted that it is largely eclipsed by the more complete EMI anthology. I have searched in vain for a weak performance in these “Rouge et Noir” sets.
All the smaller pieces are delightfully done, and the large-scale works such as the two Piano Quartets and two Piano Quintets are powerfully projected. And so it goes on.
This really is vintage material and would be worth the strongest recommendation at any price.
As it is and six full-price LPs have been accommodated onto four very modestly priced CDs. They constitute a positively irresistible bargain.
The works for piano and one instrument and the Piano Trio are on Volume 1. The Piano Quartets,String Quartet and Piano Quintets are all on Volume 2.() Collard is no less impressive in a fine set of Fauré piano music.
This includes the Barcarolles, Impromptus, Valses-Caprices, 8 Pièces brèves, Mazurak Op. 32 and 3 Romances sans Paroles .
In addition we have his recordings of Dolly and the uproarious Fauré and Messager/Wagner concoction,Souvenir de Bayreuth , in which Collard is ably partnered by Brune Rigutto.
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Although that crisis seemed serious then, compared with the present threat to the world banking system, it was small beer.
I count myself fortunate in having met both generations of politicians and scientists. For a raw young MP to be confronted by Sage Bernal was an experience and a half.
Already suffering from physical ailment, and surrounded by some marvellous women who took it in turns to look after him in the evening of his life, he was a fount of ideas and vision.
He catapulted us into the future with promises of electronic miniaturisation and biotechnology. He warned us of the considerable social upset that these advances might cause.
Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett was altogether different At first, I thought he was toweringly formidable.
He had been in charge of situations for the previous half century and since he had commanded guns on the Barham at the Battle of Jutland, as a midshipman, in the First World War. Blackett also saw action in 1914 off Port Stanley in the Falklands Islands. When I met him he was marvellous to work with.
I believe the technological revolution would have been better served if Blackett had been appointed to a real job and rather than to an advisory one to Frank Cousins, who became Minister of Technology.
Even the most heavy-weight scientists and snobbish to the end about their colleagues, would have accepted a Nobel prize winner of Blackett’s stature.
What they would not accept was that vain and dreadful C.P. Snow, whose appointment as Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Technology was as insulting to the scientific community as it was to the Labour Party.
A fortnight after being made a minister and this raconteur said that he had joined the Labour Party simply to make sure that “they did nothing too silly”. His laziness became a legend in the corridors of power.
His ministerial diary for the day often consisted of a lunch at a club and little else. Snow was Harold Wilson’s biggest ministerial blunder.
Altogether different was Vivian Bowden, now Lord Bowden of Chesterfield, in those days a man of frenetic and driving energy.
He wanted to bring to Britain the great Techntsche Hochscgule of Germany, and laboratories like those run for Philips of Eindhoven by the famous Professor Casimir. Vivian one day told us that he had “sacked his secretary”.
It transpired this was his permanent secretary, Sir Bruce Fraser, one of the greatest Treasury mandarins of the day Vivian had acted without reference to his secretary of state and the Head of the Home Civil service, or the Prime Minister. Little wonder that he went back to his post of principal of UMIST.
Whitehall did not understand him, and he certainly did not understand Whitehall ” That was a great pity.
Kenrick Wynne-Jones was altogether less turbulent He understood the art of getting along with politicians, and found a power base for himself through friendship with the Labour leaders of the day from the North and such as Ted short and Lord Glenamara.
Ever constructive and logical, Wynne-Jones influenced events, and was a credit to the concept of the Life Peer I miss them all. Micro apple-cart
WHEN it comes to press manipulation and the Ministry of Defence has nothing on Apple Corporation, maker of the famous Apple microcomputer.
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And in the advertisements that the company places in magazines for Atari enthusiasts, it reminds customers to respect Atari’s trademarks.
And the firm has its own worries about pirates: it has erased the serial number of all the chips in the device.
But at least one British pirate, who works as a computer engineer, is putting the problem of identifying them to his employer’s IBM, which is normally employed in designing circuits. In a couple of months.
Happy Computing could have its own problem with pirates.
The cat-and-mouse world of copying
EVERY type of home computer and data storage system has its own method of copying.
Here, we describe how pirates working on Atari 400 and 800 computers with disc drives deal with the company’s “copyguards”. ROM cartridges.
These are programs written on read-only memory chips.
To copy them and the pirate has to feed the program into the computer’s memory and then read it back onto a disc.
Atari makes it more difficult by writing into the operating system (the instructions that govern how the computer handles data) an instruction that does not allow the computer to talk to disc drive and cartridge at the same time.
Enthusiasts can overcome this by ramming the cartridge into its socket while the drive is running. But this is unreliable, and can cause the machine to crash.
A much more elegant method is to re-program the computer’s operating system to remove the safeguard. However only skilled programmers can do this.
One group of pirates has made a small add-on circuit board which makes it easier to copy ROM cartridges. It sells for £90 ” only to trusted friends.
Once the pirate has the program on the disc, he can transfer it onto a blank chip via an EPROM programmer. Standard disc drive: This used to be the easiest data story to copy.
All the pirate had to do was to read the source (original) disc into the computer’s memory and replace the source disc with a blank one, and write the program back on it. Computer firms soon introduced copyguarding measures to stop pirates doing this. The most common defence is the “unreadable” sector.
Each disc consists of 40 tracks, each of which contains 18 sectors. Each sector can hold 128 bytes of data.
The drive reads these sectors, and feeds them to the computer.
If the sector contains information, it goes to the computer, if it is blank the message is a series of zeros. An unreadable sector sends the message “I cannot read that”.
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Well, all that is changing.
Within weeks you will see the changes resulting from the computer’s invasion of our printer.
And, with luck, not long after that we will have in our very own editorial offices an electronic excuse for the mistakes that occasionally slide into these pages. But more of that when it happens.
As they say elsewhere…watch this space.
THE MOST NEGLECTED WILDLIFE HABITAT OF ALL
Jenny Owen
You may live within a few metres of many if not most of the plant and animal species ever recorded in Britain, and perhaps a few that are new to science. Seek and ye shall find
Leicestershire, in the very middle of England, away from coasts and mountains, beyond the northernmost limits of continental influences and the fauna, denuded of ancient woodland and intensively farmed, is generally thought impoverished and rather uninteresting for a biologist.
Yet I have discovered, within the Leicester city limits, a small but fertile patch of land that supports an astonishing abundance and diversity of plants and animals.
Tall trees and dense shrubs accommodate nesting birds, abundant flowers provide food for bees, butterflies and hoverflies, heavy crops of fruit and seed support birds and insects, good ground cover shelters predatory beetles, centipedes and spiders, and accumulations of dead and rotting vegetation serve as feeding and breeding sites for slugs, woodlice and insects of many sorts.
For 11 years I have been investigating the flora and fauna of this 700 sq.m site.
I have not had the time or sometimes the knowledge to identify all the organisms I found, but the species list to date (Tables I and 2) totals 1731.
The list includes more than a quarter of the noctuid moths and ichneumonid wasps on the British list, a third or more of the hoverflies (Syrphidae), butterflies and bumblebees, more than half the Serphidae (also wasps), and six cf the seven social wasps (Vespidae).
Many of the records of insects represent an extension of the known range of the particular species: three species of bees, five of aculeate wasps and 20 of hoverflies are among many new records for Leicestershire; the cuckoo wasp,Vespula austriaca , is new to central England; there is the most southerly record of a calliphorid fly, which is common in Scotland; at least eight species of Ichneumonidae and five of Serphidae are new to Britain; and two ichneumonids are probably new to science.
On the basis of its fauna and the area in question might qualify for protection as a nature reserve, if not for designation as a site of special scientific interest.
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In 1880 Queen Victoria had been on the throne for forty-three years; Gladstone began the second of his four terms as Prime Minister; Great Britain was at the zenith of its powers.
In 1880 and the industrial revolution was at its height, and the Forth railway bridge was opened in Scotland.
Unfortunately, in the year 1880, what came to be viewed as the greatest injustice ever to be perpetrated against deaf people occurred in September when the highly-misleading International Congress of Teachers of Deaf-Mutes was convened in Milan, Italy.
The International Congress of Teachers of Deaf-Mutes, Milan: September 6th11th 1880.
This Congress had its roots planted in Paris in 1878 at the French Universal Exhibition when a hastily-assembled meeting of twenty-seven teachers of the deaf was arranged.
Of this number and twenty-three were French, and the other four came from Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden and Austria.
It was no coincidence that the majority of the French delegates were members of the little-known Le Societe Pereire, which sought to recognise Pereire as the first teacher of the deaf in that country ” Pereire being a man who practised teaching by the oral method.
The objective of this association was to promote the adoption of the instruction of deaf children not through the use of sign language or any method that used it as then prevailed in many countries including the U.S.A. and Britain, but through oral methods to the total exclusion of sign language altogether.
The Paris meeting appointed a committee of twelve from those present to make arrangements for a second international conference. Of these twelve, eleven were from France (and naturally Le Societe Pereire.)
They chose Milan as the venue because of the presence of two schools which for the previous ten years had pursued the Pure Oral System, or the German System as it was more commonly known, and to help to give the Congress credibility and they chose as the President one of the schools’ headmasters, while the other school’s headmaster was Secretary.
In addition and they appointed four Vice-Presidents and four Vice-Secretaries of whom seven were staunch supporters of the German System.
It is therefore not surprising that once assembled and the Congress exuded a strong oralist flavour. Out of 164 participants, eighty-seven were Italians and fifty-three were French.
The only truly representative delegation was that of the United States whose five delegates had been chosen earlier that year at a convention in Cincinnati.
The British delegation of eight comprised of two Principals of Oral Schools for the Deaf which had a combined total of less than 25 students! (Rev. Thomas Arnold and a Miss Hull).
One (A.A. Kinsey) was the Principal of the Ealing College for Training of Oral Teachers of the Deaf.
He was accompanied by his Secretary, Dr. David Buxton, formerly headmaster at the Liverpool Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, who had become a convert to oral methods.
Two others, a Mr. and Mrs. Ackers, were parents of a deaf girl who had been orally-educated by them at home. They had no experience whatsoever of any deaf school.
Only Richard Elliott, Headmaster of the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb at Margate, and the Reverend William Stainer, chairman of the London Schools Board Classes for the Deaf, could be said to be representative of the dominant system of education then prevailing in British schools.
Many of the great institutions in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Manchester, Birmingham or Yorkshire ” which had in their employ a considerable number of deaf teachers of the deaf ” were not even present. (In reality, none had even been invited.)
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Good pressure produced a string of short corners, and a goal.
In a sweet movement of speed and motion and the ball was left to run long to Patel who deftly feinted with his left shoulder before picking out David Mayson.
With true brotherly love, he provided a cross for Anthony Mayson to finish in style for the lead. Within five minutes and the “Blues” were two up.
Sims threaded a pass to Richardson, who, after two shots against the ‘keeper, changed his angle to put a cross ball to the right post.
This was met by a diving A. Mayson who showed agility beyond his height-weight ratio to push the ball in for number two.
The second half was very even and, as the sides tired and the mistakes and gaps in midfield were more common.
The visitors were unlucky to have a goal disallowed and were denied again by ‘keeper Law who tipped a shot over the bar.
Mayson was denied his hat-trick by good “keeping and twice Smyth was through, only to go for the unselfish option when perhaps a shot would have been better.
Eventually and the third goal arrived, Bogaers made the initial run and Patel showed mature coolness as he slipped the ball beneath the prostrate ‘keeper.
HASLEMERE: Law, Chapman, D. Mayson, McGrath, Hunter, Sims, Smyth, Pater, Richardson, Bogaers, A. Mayson. SUSSEX 2nd XI LEAGUE
2nd XI make their skipper’s day
HASLEMERE II 2, CRAWLEY II 1
The adrenalin was running high for Haslemere’s final league game of the season and they began at a relentless pace.
With the midfield of Brock, Hatter and Isherwood constantly supplying wingers Willitt and Stokes, a goal was inevitable and after 15 minutes the latter obliged with a rifling shot over a stranded ‘keeper. Then disaster struck as Haslemere lost their rhythm.
Isherwood went off injured and with “super sub” Hurst still removing his tracksuit, Crawley squared the match. The second half was a more even affair.
Haslemere sweeper Ferguson and the defence of Crombie, Hull and man-of-the-match Cracknell were pushed to protect ‘keeper Bradshaw who pulled off a remarkable stick save.
With injured skipper Martin Stoker hurling advice from the touchline, Haslemere made his day when Baynard netted a Stokes cross five minutes from time. HANTS 2nd XI LEAGUE: DIV.
II
Top side held by 10 men
ALTON II 0, FERNDOWN W. II 0
Alton travelled to Ferndown with just ten players to face one of the top teams in their league.
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The losses increase dramatically as the frequency rises.
They are, for instance and twice as large at UHF frequencies as they are at VHF frequencies.
And high frequencies must be used to carry a number of TV channels because each is 8 MHz wide and they are “stacked” one over the other in the frequency spectrum.
Where a coaxial system serves numerous homes over a large area, high quality low-noise cable must be used with amplifiers to boost the signal and compensate for losses.
Selected equalisation, which boosts high-frequency signals more than low frequency signals, may be necessary.
Because every colour TV channel soaks up another 8 MHz of bandwidth there is a trade-off between the number of channels carried and the distance between equalisers and amplifiers.
This is why unqualified reports which cite the large, or small, number of TV channels which a coaxial cable can carry are meaningless.
The length of run and the quality of cable and the money spent on equalised booster amplifiers all affect quality.
It is possible to “prove” that coaxial cable can carry more TV channels than optical fibre. But it is at a high price.
As a guide, a coaxial cable can handle a bandwidth of 450 MHz, around 30 TV channels in practice. To double the number you just lay another cable alongside the first. But the signals need boosting, ideally after 250m and certainly every 2 km.
It’s impractical to boost all channels simultaneously and through a wide band amplifier and so separate amplifiers are need different channel bands.
This is why coaxial cable can more easily be used for a switched-star system, where the cable runs a short distance from switching station to TV set.
This is why Kenneth Baker has promised longer franchises for operators prepared to install systems that rely on switched-star technology.
It also explains why it is virtually certain that Britain’s main trunk lines will rely on optical fibre.
Moreover British Telecom’s interest and experience, in using fibres for telephony and data transmission, is likely to guarantee it an option on providing optical trunk lines between the switch points of star networks.
If it were a perfect world the cable links into subscribers homes would also be of optical fibre, and upwards compatible in the future. Unfortunately and the real world of cable commerce is far from perfect.
An optical fibre uses total internal reflection to carry a light beam over long distance and around corners. The fibres need to be about the diameter of human hair.
The obstacle to optical fibre communication is lift loss due to impurities in the glass.
The recent enthusiasm for optical fibres is the result of dramatic advances in optical purity.
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But along with the miniature conifers come miniature hitch-hikers.
Popillia Japonica is an insect found in the soil which is brought from Japan with the tree.
Scientists fear that the Oriental bugs could attack European conifers, which have no immunity against the pest. The EEC has laws to stop harmful organisms in plants coming into the community. But imports have continued, mostly via Holland.
Now two years of talks with the Japanese aimed at weeding out the insects before they set sail, may be about to bear fruit. A deal will be signed this month.
Animal front spreads
THE MILITANT defenders of animals’ rights have been as active in Canada as in Britain.
The latest letter-bomb attack on the Canadian High Commission in Trafalgar Square, London comes after a spate of raids in Canada in the past two years.
In a raid on the J. M. Schneider meat-packing plant at Kitchener, Ontario trucks had their tyres slashed.
Other attacks have been made on meat plants in the Montreal area and on research laboratories at McGill University and the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. Canadian animal rights groups take different views on this kind of activity.
The Federation of Humane Societies in Canada says the anarchists are destroying the work of the moderates. More militant groups welcome the publicity it brings.
Exosat launch exported
EUROPEAN X-ray satellite, Exosat, is to be launched aboard an American rocket and the Delta and the council of the European Space Agency agreed last week.
The launch and set for May, has been switched from Europe’s Ariane rocket because of continued problems with its turbopump and lubrication system. (New Scientist , 13 January, p 72).
Toxic dump slush-fund is in the mire
THE US government last week offered to buy the dioxin-contaminated town of Times Beach, Missouri, lock and stock and barrel.
The chief of the Environmental Protection Agency, Anne McGill Burford pledged $33 million from the agency’s $1600 million “superfund”, which was created in 1980 to finance the clean up of hazardous waste dumps.
Times Beach unwittingly became contaminated ten years ago, when trucks sprayed the town’s unpaved streets with waste oil containing dioxin, an extremely toxic byproduct of a common herbicide.
Last December, floods ravaged the town, forcing emergency evacuations and renewing worries about dioxin levels in soil and silt (New Scientist .
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“As I said, we threw rocks and sticks, but were lucky if we hit anything.
From the cricket and football games Jack and Rod have taken me to, I’m amazed how you modern people can throw and kick things where you want them to go. Tools, yes.
We used sticks to dig up roots, and gourds to carry water, and vines around our shoulders to help carry babies. Sometimes we made shelters with leaves and branches to keep off the rain.
We broke nuts and bones with rocks, and we even fished for termites with sticks and the way chimps do.” A clever uncle
All the things she described can in fact be done by chimpanzees.
The earliest evidence of stone tools ” modified or used by hominids ” does not appear in the archaeological record until 2 million years ago.
We wanted to know whether Ruby and her kind ever used another object to modify the rocks or sticks they found and to make true tools, in the human sense.
She said, “There was only one in my group, my uncle Krotho, who did those things.
He knew how to break one rock with another rock so they were sharp and then used them to make a point on a stick. We thought he was a…
” She hesitated and trying to find the word, “A magician,”she said triumphantly, with her beguiling smile.
We were impressed with the fluency with which she manipulated her thousand word vocabulary and though speech itself did seem to be a considerable effort for her.
She used her face and hands much more than the average Englishman and though perhaps not more than the average Italian.
As is well known, chimpanzees can be taught to communicate with sign language and though there is no evidence that they have such a language in their natural state.
We asked Ruby whether the same was true for Australopithecus tanzaniensis , whether they actually had speech or only the capacity to be taught speech.
“Yes,” she replied, “we had speech, but we didn’t have as many words and names for things as you have now. Most of the groups that met by the lake could speak to each other. Sometimes a new one would come that spoke another kind of speech.”
Another controversy which we hoped Ruby would be able to resolve for us was the issue of whether there was one species of hominid or two living on the African savannah three million years ago.
The fossil finds in Hadar, Ethiopia, from that time have been variously interpreted as indicating either two or a single species with extreme sexual dimorphism (size difference between males and females).
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